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br Preliminary remarks Expression of the transcription facto
2024-03-15
Preliminary remarks Expression of the transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and the AHR-repressor (AHRR) are both strikingly high in the retinoic acid receptor of barrier organs skin and gut [1,2]. It is generally assumed that this reflects their role in linking environmental fact
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protease activated receptor br Liver specific AHR deficiency
2024-03-15
Liver-specific AHR deficiency and energy balance In contrast to the amelioration of hepatic steatosis by global AHR deficiency, targeted knockout of Ahr in hepatocytes exacerbated it in B6 mice fed on a high-fat diet, without interfering with body weight gain [21]. This appeared to result from au
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br Materials and methods br
2024-03-15
Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusions These studies provide important mechanistic insights to explain the long-established physiological observation that obese adipose tissue has higher rates of basal lipolysis. Increased lipolysis contributes to increased hepatic Cimetidi
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Constitutive tyrosine kinase activity of BCR ABL
2024-03-15
Constitutive tyrosine kinase activity of BCR/ABL fusion genes causes uncontrolled cell growth and is also thought to be responsible for a variety of changes in normal cellular functions like differentiation, adhesion, migration and apoptotic response in CML. Therefore it is important to know the exp
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In addition to the above mentioned synaptic mechanisms
2024-03-15
In addition to the above-mentioned synaptic mechanisms, the serotonergic system also has a critical role in the antidepressant effects of mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists. Indeed, we previously reported that mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists increased the firing rate of serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe
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We aim to evaluate the AK in regulating adenosine
2024-03-15
We aim to evaluate the AK in regulating adenosine signaling in the retina. It was reported that the degree of Vidofludimus injury directly depends on expression levels of AK and the resulting extracellular levels of adenosine (Boison, 2006). Indeed, transgenic mice overexpressing AK are highly susc
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The AChR is composed of five homologous membrane spanning su
2024-03-15
The AChR is composed of five homologous, membrane-spanning subunits. AChRs containing two α, one β, one δ and one γ subunit (AChRγ) predominate during embryonic development and mice lacking AChRγ die at birth (Takahashi et al., 2002). After birth, the AChRγs are replaced during the first 2 postnatal
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Given that there are substitutions between Anc and
2024-03-15
Given that there are 132 substitutions between βAnc and the human β subunit, we wondered whether βAnc could replace the human β subunit in hybrid AChRs formed from ancestral and human subunits. We first confirmed that the β subunit is required for expression of human AChRs in HEK293 Go 6976 by co-t
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br The embryological and physiological roles of ATX ATX is
2024-03-15
The embryological and physiological roles of ATX ATX is a vital enzyme that is needed for early embryological development. ATX knockout (KO) (ENPP2−/−) embryos die in utero on average at day 9.5 with vascular and neural tube defects [30], [73], [74], [75]. In these mice, malformations in the alla
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br Materials and methods br Results The
2024-03-15
Materials and methods Results The clinical characteristics of the two selected groups are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, the enzyme activity of ATX in CSF of MS patients (59.90±3.09nmol/min/ml±SEM) was significantly higher (p Discussion Numerous studies have so far shown that ATX tak
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At present the role of autophagy in neurons remains controve
2024-03-15
At present, the role of autophagy in neurons remains controversial. Autophagy has homeostatic and waste-recycling functions and plays a protective role in neurodegeneration diseases. Moreover, it has been thought as a programmed cell death participating in the occurrence and development of various
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On the contrary evidence also
2024-03-15
On the contrary, evidence also suggests that autophagy plays a striking protective role in cancer cells. Highly burgeoning cancer mitoxantrone receptor require cellular building blocks for their metabolism and energy production. At this stage of cancer development, autophagy acts as a friend provid
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Another heroic set of studies combining retrodialysis with e
2024-03-15
Another heroic set of studies combining retrodialysis with electrophysiological recording at two distinct brain sites further indicated that the estradiol-induced increase in auditory-evoked firing in NCM also enhanced the selectivity of auditory-evoked responses in the downstream sensorimotor nucle
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The therapeutic potential of ML induced MET against cells of
2024-03-15
The therapeutic potential of ML327-induced MET against auda of mesenchymal origin has not been explored. In the present study, we hypothesized that induction of MET using ML327 would block the growth of ES cells and sensitize to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Herein, we report that ML327 induces apoptos
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In summary present evidence suggests that antimicrobial ther
2024-03-14
In summary, present evidence suggests that antimicrobial therapy for intra-abdominal sepsis can be shortened in patients exhibiting a clinical response to treatment. Hence, clinicians should use the resolution of clinical signs of infection as a guide to determine when during the 4–7-day window anti
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