• Contrary to the transient nature of signal

  2021-11-05

  

  Contrary to the transient nature of signal transmission through PLCβ, genome-wide RNAi screens revealed that the signaling events driven by Gαq that result in aberrant cell proliferation depends on highly specific protein-protein interactions, rather than solely on diffusible second messenger system

• Several observations about structure activity relationships

  2021-11-05

  

  Several observations about structure–activity relationships can be made from this series, including that: (1) all lead compounds are NSAIDs of the 2-arylpropionic endothelin receptor antagonist class, (2) analogues with -oriented aryl substituents showed the best inhibition of FAAH, and (3) replaci

• br Experimental procedures br Results Hdc KO mice show basal

  2021-11-05

  

  Experimental procedures Results Hdc-KO mice show basal activation of the MAPK and AKT/GSK3β pathways in the dorsal striatum (Rapanelli et al., 2014). These signaling pathways are differentially regulated by the H3 receptor in dMSNs and iMSNs in wild-type mice (Rapanelli et al., 2016). To bette

• br Statistical analysis The mean standard

  2021-11-05

  

  Statistical analysis The mean, standard deviation, median, range, frequency, and percentage were used for data description. The chi-square (x2) test was used for analyses the differences in categorical variables in the 2-way table. Overall survival (OS) was defined as the time interval between t

• Several compounds have been described in the

  2021-11-04

  

  Several compounds have been described in the literature as inhibitors of the sGC. Among them, methylene blue and LY83583 () are not direct sGC inhibitors, but rather block cGMP formation by generating superoxide anion radicals that deactivate NO. Despite their extensive use in plethora of research s

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Obesity and type diabetes

  2021-11-04

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are two major chronic non-communicable diseases that are increasing worldwide at an alarming rate; the majority of people with T2D are overweight or obese, and T2D associated with obesity is expected to have doubled by 2030 (Chen e

• All HFD fed groups in our study having significantly

  2021-11-04

  

  All HFD fed groups in our study, having significantly higher levels of EE (heat production) is consistent with previous studies [91], where a significant increase in EE was observed within just one week of HFD feeding [81]. It is hypothesized that this phenomenon is due to the increased body mass an

• Diabetes induced damage results in peripheral

  2021-11-04

  

  Diabetes-induced damage results in peripheral nerve pathology that Isochlorogenic acid A correlates with clinical signs and symptoms. Nerve injury that results in structural changes can be measured through clinical neurological assessment, quantitative sensory testing, nerve conduction studies, and

• Like other RNA viruses HCV

  2021-11-04

  

  Like other RNA viruses HCV also exhibits a high degree of genetic diversity, creating a major challenge for the development of both HCV vaccines and pan-genotypic therapeutics (Timm and Roggendorf, 2007). The virus has a total of seven genotypes, with >50 subtypes and millions of quasispecies (Cuype

• To examine the possible role of mGluRs in the LH

  2021-11-04

  

  To examine the possible role of mGluRs in the LH/PFA in the hypercapnic ventilatory response, a nonspecific antagonist of mGluRs, MCPG, was microinjected into the LH/PFA. MCPG elicited a significantly increased hypercapnic ventilatory response in awake rats, but not during sleep, in the light and da

• br Characterization and regional localization of Glu

  2021-11-04

  

  Characterization and regional localization of Glu transporters Molecular studies led to the description of five subtypes of plasma membrane Glu transporters termed in accordance to their human or rodent origin (Kanai and Hediger, 1992, Pines et al., 1992, Storck et al., 1992). In humans, these tr

• br Author contribution br Declaration of interest br Acknowl

  2021-11-04

  

  Author contribution Declaration of interest Acknowledgements This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 81473093) and State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM1601ZZ-02). Introduction Diabetes represents a majo

• After ischemia expression of transcription factors

  2021-11-04

  

  After ischemia, expression of transcription factors, including products of immediate early genes, stress proteins and neurotrophic factors are also altered in CA1 neurons78, 79. These proteins are potential candidates for downregulating of GluR2 expression by reducing mRNA transcription or stability

• In addition at the spinal level results

  2021-11-04

  

  In addition, at the spinal level, results from colocalization experiments demonstrate that GABA-C receptors are present in the substantia gelatinosa and that they are presynaptically located. Neurons located in the substantia gelatinosa are differentially activated by afferent noxious and non-noxiou

• The schematic diagram of the antagonistic interactions of

  2021-11-04

  

  The schematic diagram of the antagonistic interactions of Zn2+ and neurosteroids (NSs) at GABA-A receptors is summarized in Fig. 7. Neurosteroids exhibit powerful seizure protective effects against experimental seizures probably through the potentiation of synaptic and extrasynaptic GABA-A receptor-

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